Proper Nouns Lexicon

The Iron Age was a period of late prehistory and protohistory characterised by the widespread use of iron for tools, weapons and everyday objects. It accompanied the emergence of more complex societies, expanding trade networks and the formation of many historical states.

Isis is a major goddess in Egyptian mythology, associated with motherhood, magic, and protection. She is the sister and wife of Osiris and the mother of Horus.

slam is one of the world's major monotheistic religions. Originating in the Arabian Peninsula during the seventh century, it has profoundly influenced the history, culture, art and architecture of large parts of Asia, Africa and Europe.

Itchan Kala is the walled inner town of Khiva, Uzbekistan, and is a UNESCO World Heritage site.

The Jadejas are a Rajput lineage of western India, mainly associated with Gujarat, Kutch and Kathiawar. They produced several ruling houses, of which the two most important were the Jadejas of Kutch, centred on Bhuj and Mandvi, and the Jadejas of Nawanagar, established at Jamnagar in Saurashtra.

Jagannath is a Hindu deity primarily worshipped in the state of Odisha, India, as a manifestation of Vishnu or Krishna. The term "Jagannath" means "Lord of the Universe," and he is most closely associated with the famous Puri temple, where the Rath Yatra festival is held in his honor.

Jahangir Mahal is a magnificent palace located within Agra Fort in India. Built in the 16th century, it is an iconic example of Mughal architecture.

The Jallianwala Bagh massacre, which occurred on April 13, 1919, in Amritsar, India, is one of the most tragic events in British colonial history. Hundreds of unarmed protesters were shot by British troops.

Jantar Mantar is a collection of monumental astronomical instruments built in the 18th century by Maharaja Sawai Jai Singh II in Jaipur, India. It is designed to measure time, predict eclipses, and track celestial movements.

Jaswant Singh II, born on September 14, 1838, and died on October 11, 1895, was the Maharaja of Marwar (Jodhpur) in India, ruling from 1873 to 1895.