Proper Nouns Lexicon

The Palas were an important dynasty of eastern India, mainly associated with Bengal and Bihar between the eighth and twelfth centuries. They should not be confused with the Palas of Kamarupa, a distinct dynasty linked to ancient Assam. Their rule played a major role in the political, artistic and Buddhist history of medieval India.

The Paleolithic is the oldest and longest period of human prehistory. It began with the appearance of the earliest stone tools and ended with the close of the last Ice Age and the emergence of agriculture.

The Pallava dynasty ruled over much of southern India between the 3rd and 9th centuries. They are renowned for their significant contributions to Indian architecture and art.

Pamphylia is a historical region located on the southern coast of present-day Turkey, between Lycia to the west and Cilicia to the east. This area is renowned for its rich cultural influences and ancient cities like Aspendos and Perge.

The Pandya dynasty is an ancient Tamil dynasty from southern India, known for its influence on culture, architecture, and maritime trade, ruling from the 3rd century BCE to the 14th century CE.

The Paramara dynasty, also known as the Parmar, ruled the Malwa region of central India from the 9th to the 13th century. It is renowned for its contributions to the cultural and architectural development of the region.

Parshvanatha is the twenty-third Tirthankara of Jainism, born in 872 BCE and died in 772 BCE. He is revered for his teachings on ahimsa (non-violence) and his efforts to reform the religious practices of his time.

Parvati is a major goddess in Hindu mythology, known as the wife of Shiva and the mother of Ganesha and Kartikeya. She symbolizes love, fertility, and devotion.

Pashupati is a form of Shiva in Hinduism, whose name means “lord of living beings” or “lord of cattle.” This title emphasizes his role as protector of animals and master of all creatures. The sanctuary of Pashupatinath in Kathmandu is dedicated to this aspect of Shiva and is one of the major Shaivite pilgrimage sites.

Pattachitra is a traditional Indian painting form, characterized by intricate designs and vibrant colors, often used to depict mythological and religious stories.