Common Nouns Lexicon

Ibadism is a distinct branch of Islam, separate from both Sunni and Shia traditions. Originating in the 8th century, it emphasizes moderation, piety, and community cohesion. It is mainly practiced in Oman, North Africa, and a few Indian Ocean islands.

Sculpture in the round refers to a fully three-dimensional artwork, entirely detached from any background and visible from all sides.

Indo-Saracenic architecture is an architectural style that merges Victorian Gothic motifs with traditional Indian and Islamic elements, developed during the British colonial era in India.

The interaction between the Mekong River and Tonlé Sap Lake is a unique phenomenon in Southeast Asia, crucial for Cambodia's ecology and economy.

The Irrawaddy dolphin is a species of freshwater and brackish water dolphin, mainly found in the estuaries and rivers of Southeast Asia.

Islamic calligraphy is a major art form that involves the stylization of Arabic script, used to transcribe religious texts and adorn objects and buildings.

An iwan is a vaulted hall or space, open on one side with a large arch, commonly used in Islamic architecture.

The jagati is an elevated platform on which a Hindu temple rests, often used for rituals and processions.

Jahannam is the Qur’anic term for hell, a place of punishment in the afterlife for those who reject faith and commit grave injustices.