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The apse is a semi-circular or polygonal area located at the end of the choir in a church, often vaulted and housing the main altar.

The apse is a fundamental architectural element in the design of Christian churches, particularly in Romanesque and Gothic styles. It is typically located at the eastern end of the choir and is often vaulted. The most common shape of the apse is semi-circular, but it can also be polygonal. It usually houses the main altar and is often surrounded by an ambulatory and radiating chapels in large cathedrals.

The apse is a sacred space, symbolically important, as it is where the most important liturgical ceremonies take place. It is often decorated with mosaics, frescoes, or stained glass windows depicting biblical scenes, saints, or religious figures, contributing to the sacred and spiritual atmosphere of the church. The use of natural light, filtered through stained glass, adds to the mystical ambiance of the apse.

The origins of the apse date back to Roman architecture, where it was used in civil basilicas and baths. Early Christians adapted this structure for religious architecture, and it became a key feature of Christian churches. Over the centuries, the apse evolved, incorporating various decorative and architectural elements depending on styles and periods.

In Romanesque churches, the apse is often simple and massive, with thick walls and small windows. In contrast, Gothic apses are more slender and luminous, with large stained glass windows allowing an abundance of natural light. Flying buttresses and ribbed vaults are common features of Gothic apses, contributing to the verticality and elegance of the structure.

Today, the apse remains a central element in the design of churches and cathedrals, reflecting the evolution of religious architecture through the ages. It continues to serve as a setting for liturgical practices and inspires admiration from the faithful and visitors for its architectural beauty and spiritual significance.